NIAMEY, Niger — Niger’s military-led government has criminalised same-sex relations for the first time in the country’s history, introducing prison sentences of up to 20 years under a new penal code published in the official gazette.
The law prescribes five to ten years in prison and fines for individuals convicted of engaging in same-sex relations. Same-sex marriages carry harsher penalties, with offenders facing between 10 and 20 years behind bars. The legislation also targets LGBTQIA+ organisations, imposing the same 10- to 20-year sentences on anyone who manages, finances, or participates in such groups.
Officials said the measures are part of a broader “Charter of Refoundation” adopted by Niger’s military junta in March 2025. While the charter prohibited same-sex relations, specific penalties were only enacted with the new penal code.
Niger, a predominantly Muslim nation, had previously not explicitly criminalised consensual same-sex relations, though social stigma remained strong. Rights groups say the move reflects growing pressure from conservative religious organisations and lawmakers since the 2023 coup that ousted President Mohamed Bazoum.
The new law places Niger alongside other African countries tightening restrictions on LGBTQ people. Burkina Faso criminalised homosexuality in 2024, while Senegal increased penalties in 2026.
Reactions have been swift. On social media, one user wrote: “This is a dark day for human rights in Niger. Criminalising love will not solve our problems.” Another commented: “The government is listening to the people’s values. Western countries should respect our culture.”
Policy makers in Nigeria expressed concern. A senior official in Abuja said: “We are monitoring developments closely. Such laws risk isolating Niger internationally and could affect regional cooperation.”
Human rights advocates condemned the legislation. Amnesty International’s West Africa office said: “This penal code reform institutionalises discrimination and will expose LGBTQ individuals to arrest, harassment, and exclusion.”
Local opinion leaders defended the move. Imam Abdoul Karim, a cleric in Niamey, said: “This law reflects our faith and traditions. It is about protecting society from practices that go against our values.”
Social commentators warned of wider consequences. Political analyst Mariam Issoufou said: “The junta is using morality laws to consolidate support. But this risks deepening Niger’s isolation at a time when it needs international aid and partnerships.”
The enactment marks a sharp shift in Niger’s legal framework and is expected to draw scrutiny from foreign governments and rights organisations monitoring developments in the Sahel.
